Welcome to FFJC’s digital library of resources related to fines and fees, also known as the Clearinghouse. Our repository of research and tools is curated and summarized by our Policy and Research team and includes key fines and fees research, litigation, legislation, policy analysis and guidance, and case studies. Use the search features below to find the information you need to drive reform.

E.g., ‘impacts of fines and fees’
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Debt Sentence: How Fines And Fees Hurt Working Families

This report shares the results of a national survey of over 5,600 adults to see how court-imposed fines and fees affect people across the country.

Debt Sentence: How Fines And Fees Hurt Working Families

In the Rearview Mirror: St. Louis’s Municipal Courts After a Decade of Reform and Regress
In the Rearview Mirror: St. Louis’s Municipal Courts After a Decade of Reform and Regress

Ten years ago, the death of Michael Brown ignited the Ferguson Uprising, bringing to light systemic injustices in municipal courts across St. Louis County. In the wake of this trag…
Research & Data / Missouri / July 25, 2024

Fant et al. v. City of Ferguson
Fant et al. v. City of Ferguson

Case No. 4-15-CV-00253-AGF| Settled February 27, 2024 Claims at Issue: In a class action complaint filed on February 8, 2015, the plaintiffs, nine class representatives who had bee…
Cases / Missouri / February 27, 2024

Post-Ferguson Class Action Suits Challenging Fine and Fee Schemes in Missouri
Post-Ferguson Class Action Suits Challenging Fine and Fee Schemes in Missouri

Post-Ferguson Class Action Suits Challenging Fine and Fee Schemes in Missouri   In 2014, when a police officer in Ferguson, Missouri shot and killed Michael Brown, the City of Ferg…
Cases, Explainers / Missouri / February 12, 2024

Roberts Webb et al. v. City of Maplewood 
Roberts Webb et al. v. City of Maplewood 

On March 6, 2023, a federal judge approved a $3.25 million settlement in this class-action lawsuit brought against the City of Maplewood, Missouri. The suit alleged that the City r…
Cases, Explainers / Missouri / March 06, 2023

Factoring in Family: Considerations of Parenthood in the Assessment, Enforcement and Collection of Legal Financial Obligations
Factoring in Family: Considerations of Parenthood in the Assessment, Enforcement and Collection of Legal Financial Obligations

This study explores the relationship between monetary punishment and parenthood from the perspectives of court and community corrections professionals. The authors rely on data fro…
Research & Data / Georgia, Minnesota, Missouri, New York / February 23, 2023
Brittany T Martin, Kimberly Spencer Suarez, Andrea Giuffre, Timothy G Edgemon, Veronica Horowitz

Justice by Geography: The Role of Monetary Sanctions Across Communities
Justice by Geography: The Role of Monetary Sanctions Across Communities

Although state statutes often dictate the amount of fines and fees imposed, local courts have significant discretion in how they carry out the laws and there is variation between c…
Research & Data / National, Georgia, Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri / July 05, 2022
Gabriela Kirk, Kristina J. Thompson, Beth M. Huebner, Christopher Uggen, and Sarah K.S. Shannon

Taking on Traffic Laws: A How-To Guide for Decriminalizing Mobility
Taking on Traffic Laws: A How-To Guide for Decriminalizing Mobility

Policy, planning, and funding decisions have left primarily Black and low-income communities without safe infrastructure for biking and walking and created conditions forcing peopl…
Research & Data / Missouri / April 01, 2022
BikeWalkKC and Safe Routes Partnership

Fowler v. Missouri Sheriffs’ Retirement System
Fowler v. Missouri Sheriffs’ Retirement System

Fowler v. Missouri Sheriffs’ Retirement System 623 S.W.3d 578 (2021) Issue: Whether the statute allowing counties and municipal courts to assess and collect a $3 surcharge that goe…
Cases / Missouri / February 28, 2022

What is Wrong with Monetary Sanctions? Directions for Policy, Practice, and Research
What is Wrong with Monetary Sanctions? Directions for Policy, Practice, and Research

Each year tens of millions of people are assessed fines, fees, and other costs stemming from their contacts with the criminal legal system, ranging from felony convictions to traff…
Explainers, Research & Data / California, Georgia, Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, National, New York, Texas, Washington / January 23, 2022
Brittany Friedman, Alexes Harris, Beth M. Huebner, Karin D. Martin, Becky Pettit, Sarah K.S. Shannon, Bryan L. Sykes

Private Probation Costs, Compliance and the Proportionality of Punishment: Evidence from Georgia and Missouri
Private Probation Costs, Compliance and the Proportionality of Punishment: Evidence from Georgia and Missouri

In misdemeanor courts, private probation companies provide supervision in at least a dozen states. Private probation is often accompanied by a number of unique supplementary costs,…
Research & Data / Missouri, Georgia / January 23, 2022
Beth M. Huebner and Sarah Shannon